A dramatic episode shook a farm in the Padua area, where 76 cattle died suddenly. The event, initially inexplicable, immediately attracted the attention of the veterinarians of Ulss 6 Euganea, who started immediate investigations to determine the causes of this mass mortality.
The cause: smoke from burnt oleanders
Investigations revealed that the cattle had inhaled smoke produced by burning oleander branches in a field adjacent to the farm. The particular atmospheric condition, with low pressure, favored the entry of smoke into the stable, causing breathing difficulties in the animals. Most of the deaths occurred near the entry point of the contaminated air stream. A family member of the farmer also suffered similar symptoms and was temporarily hospitalized for checks.
A unique scientific discovery
This case led to an unprecedented discovery: oleanders, known for their toxicity if ingested, can also be deadly through inhalation. For the first time in literature, the international magazine Frontiers in Veterinary Science published a scientific article dedicated to the phenomenon, entitled Case Report: Oleandrin intoxication by inhalation in beef cattle.
The episode involved the University of Padua, with autopsy examinations and detailed analyzes of the organs of the dead cattle. The results confirmed the presence of oleandrin, the toxic active ingredient of the plant, in several tissues, confirming inhalation intoxication. The collaboration between laboratories and specialists made it possible to clarify the dynamics of the poisoning and to scientifically document the risk.
The director of the Veterinary Service of Ulss 6 Euganea, Anselmo Ferronato, underlined how this case highlights the need to also consider respiratory dangers deriving from toxic plants. The event will be discussed during the 2025 Plenary of the Prevention Department in Piove di Sacco, together with experts in animal health, veterinary medicine and environmental safety, to draw lessons on prevention and safety on farms.
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