A “hole on the sun“It could give wonderful shows (at least at high latitudes): in the southern hemisphere a coronal hole opened which triggered a sunny wind directed towards us. This, in turn, could generate powerful solar shine and also geomagnetic storms between April 21 (Easter Monday), and 22.
Attention therefore: wonderful Boreal Aurore They could illuminate the skies with a high latitude in the next two days (but we may also have some problems).
Solar shine and geomagnetic storms
As stated on the website of the National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INAF)a solar shine And
aimposing explosion which originates in the chromosphere and low sun crown and releases electromagnetic radiation, plasma and charged particles in the interplanetary space
This explosion frees the magnetic energy accumulated in the distorted magnetic lines and tablets around solar spotsgigantic magnetic structures that appear on solar disk as dark regions.
This precisely because theintense magnetic field which constitutes them inhibits the transport of energy from the deepest layers of our star, causing a cooling of the structure (about 1700 degrees less than those of the surface of the sun) and a decrease in its ability to emit light.
The magnetic energy freed from the sun -shining is therefore transformed into kinetic energy of the sun -plasma, which heats up to tens of millions of degrees, emitting Photons in all the gangs of the electromagnetic spectrum.
These, in turn, reach the earth in about 8 minutes, with potential effects on the environment around our planet, including the famous and wonderful auror (boreal and southern), but also malfunctions of technologies on earth and spacebeyond risks for astronauts.
Power classes and K Index
But the solar brilliaments are not all the same: they are classified in five power classes designated by a letter, in which Each class is ten times more powerful than the previous onein particular A, B, C, M, X in growing order of power.
Inside each class, the power of the shine, assigned according to its brightness in the X -rays, is further classified with a number from 1 to 9, so that a C4 brilliant has a power equal to half of that of a C8 shine. So an M2 brilliant is 10 times more powerful than a C2 and 4 times more powerful than a C5.
The K index Instead, it is an integer between 0 and 9, where 1 indicates a calm situation, while e 5 or more indicates a geomagnetic stormof growing intensity.
What will happen between 21 and 22 April 2025
As reported by Space Wheather Prediction Center of National Oceanic and atmospheric Administration (Noaa), between 21 and 22 April, right at the peak of the falling stars LyridsThe K index begins to rise significantly, indicating the probability of solar shine.
Furthermore, on April 22, the index exceeds the Geomagnetic storm thresholdup to 6 in the evening. This is why the experts invite everyone to check the apps of Boreal Aurore forecastbut also to prepare for problems for communication technologies.
Source: Noaa
