A large international analysis has finally put an end to an old debate: Casting children is never useful. Not even in contexts where the practice is culturally accepted, as in many areas of Latin America, Africa or Asia. According to a meta-analysis published on Nature Human Behaviourwhich involved 195 Studies conducted in 92 medium and low income countriesthe verdict is unanimous: only damage.
The researchers examined about 1,500 results from studies carried out between 2002 and 2024, analyzing The impact of educational violence out of 19 aspects of the life of minorsincluding mental health, school performance and violent behavior. The result? In 16 categories out of 19physical punishment showed a correlation with negative results: more depression, more anxiety, greater school difficulties, greater risk of use of aggressive substances and behaviors.
One of the strongest points of the study is the definitive denial of the theory of “cultural standard”according to which in certain cultures physical punishment would be less harmful because it is socially accepted. On the contrary, the data show that The negative consequences are universalregardless of geography or socio -economic context.
Hit a child does not make it better, but only more fragile
In countries where living conditions are already complex, such as poverty or exposure to violence, physical punishment represents a further risk factor. Mainly affects i Children and teenagerswith even more serious effects if the punishments take place during adolescence or if they are particularly violent (for example shots with objects).
The comparison with other forms of discipline is eloquent: while construction strategies such as the removal of privileges or dialogue are more effective and less harmfulthe psychological violence With screams and threats it shows negative effects.
Although over 65 countries have already introduced Total or partial prohibitions Against corporal punishments, the practice remains widespread, especially in the less developed countries. The authors of the study underline the need for legislative reforms, but also of parental education and prevention policies. The message is clear: hit a child does not make it betternor more disciplined. Makes it only more fragile.
