Why is it that if we adjust the thermostat in the house to 19 degrees to save money we feel cold and in spring with the same temperature we don’t? It would be all about thermoreceptionthe process that allows our body to perceive temperature through specific skin receptors. This mechanism is not the same for everyone and is influenced by various factors. For example, the contact with cold surfaces sends signals to the brain that intensify the perception of heat loss. Likewise, even small changes in temperature can activate cold receptors, making us feel colder than the thermometer indicates.
Another element to consider is that the human body reacts differently depending on the seasons. In winterour skin is often exposed to drier and less humid environments, which worsens the perception of cold. Added to this are the temperature changes between heated environments and freezing outside air, which overload the skin’s receptors.
The invisible enemies of thermal comfort
One of the main factors that contribute to the sensation of cold is the humidity rate. In winterheating systems dry the air, promoting greater evaporation of skin moisture and intensifying the feeling of cold. On the contrary, a humidity level that is too high can prevent the natural evaporation of perspiration, creating an uncomfortable sensation of cold and humidity on the skin. The ideal humidity level in indoor environments should range between 40% and 60%.
The air currentsalthough light, can significantly amplify thermal discomfort. Drafts coming from uninsulated windows, doors or ceilings are often the main cause. Solutions like silicone joints, draft excluders or an overhaul of the windows and doors can significantly improve home comfort.
Physiological factors: why do some feel colder than others?
The perception of cold is highly subjective and depends on various individual factors. The agefor example, plays a key role: with age, the metabolism slows down and blood circulation is reduced, making older people more sensitive to the cold. Even health conditions such as anemia, hypothyroidism or one bad circulation can increase sensitivity to cold.
The differences between men and women are another interesting point. Studies show that women tend to suffer more from the cold than men, mainly due to less muscle mass And hormonal differences that influence metabolism.
The perception of cold is not simply a matter of thermometer or gender, but of body composition, basal metabolism and even of social choices. Although physiological differences between men and women are relevant, recent studies suggest that gender is less of an influence than previously thought. Factors such as muscle mass, adipose tissue and energy consumed for vital functions play a predominant role in thermoregulation.
Furthermore, some studies show that women, thanks to a higher percentage of adipose tissue, can better resist lower temperatures, but prefer warmer environments for social and behavioral reasons. In contrast, men’s higher metabolism makes them capable of generating and maintaining more heat.
Ultimately, the perception of cold does not depend only on biological characteristics, but on a complex combination of personal, environmental and social factors. For this reason, 19°C in winter can seem very different from the same 19°C in spring: it all depends on our body, the context and the environmental conditions.
