A recent study published on Frontiers in ecology and evolution revealed the negative effects of border wall between the United States and Mexico on the wildlife. The research, conducted by Wildlands Network and Sky Island Alliance, analyzed the movements of 20 species taken by 36 cameras installed along the 160 km of the border, highlighting one Drastical reduction in crossings by animals.
The recorded images and videos that only 9% of animals who approach the wall he manages to overcome it. This data represents a 86% reduction Compared to the barriers destined to curb the vehicles. Furthermore, for some large species, such as black bears, deer and mountain lions, the barrier proved to be a insurmountable obstacletotally preventing their passage.
The construction of the wall, which extends for over 1000 km, has a significant impact on the biodiversity of the region, which houses many at risk species, including Jaguars, Ocelots and the Mexican wolf. The design of the barriers, with steel pillars high between 5.5 meters and 9 meters and spaced by only 10 cm, hinders the natural movement of animals, compromising their ability to access vital resources such as food, water and shelters.
Small openings proved to be effective, but insufficient
To mitigate these effects, in some areas they have been installed Small openings for wildlife. These openings have increased the crossing rate for some species such as Javelina, Coyote and American rates over 16 times. However, they are ineffective for larger animals and are still too few: only 13 in a stretch of 112 km.
Experts underline the need to implement multiple steps and to increase its size To ensure connectivity between animal populations. According to Myles Traphagen by Wildlands Network, even small expansions of the cracks between the pillars of the wall could offer significant benefits.
Some interventions, such as the opening of four great steps for wildlife in New Mexico, have already shown that they are effective without affecting the safety of the border. Traphagen said that, while the border wall did not prove to be an effective deterrent for human immigration, it instead had a devastating impact on wildlife.
The research therefore underlines the urgency to adopt solutions that allow animals to move freely and preserve the biodiversity of the area. In a context of climate change and fragmentation of habitats, guaranteeing adequate spaces for wildlife is an ecological and ethical necessity.