AIFA has published an important information note on drugs containing metamizole, such as Novalgina, which particularly highlights the risk of agranulocytosis
THE’Italian Medicines Agency (AIFA) has issued an important information note regarding medicines containing metamizole, an active ingredient known for its antipyretic and pain-relieving properties, immediately associated in Italy with the drug Novalgina (and equivalent).
The communication, agreed with the European regulatory authorities, aims to raise awareness of both doctors and patients on the serious risks associated with the use of these drugs, in particular the risk of agranulocytosis.
What is metamizole used for?
Metamizole is primarily used to treat high fever and severe pain, such as that resulting from colic, headache, or post-operative pain. It is a drug that works by lowering body temperature and relieving pain, but its intake must be monitored carefully due to possible serious side effects.
The risk of agranulocytosis
AIFA has warned that one of the most serious side effects of metamizole is agranulocytosis, a pathological condition characterized by drastic reduction in white blood cells (granulocytes)which are essential for fighting infections.
Agranulocytosis can lead to life-threatening infections, and the risk occurs at any time while taking the drug and even shortly after stopping treatment.
Symptoms to monitor
Patients treated with metamizole should be advised of the early symptoms of agranulocytosis, which include fever, chills, sore throat, and painful sores in the mucous membranes (especially in the mouth, nose, throat, or genital and anal regions).
It is essential that patients remain vigilant for the appearance of these symptoms, given that they can manifest themselves, as we have already said, even after stopping treatment.
If these signs appear, treatment with metamizole should be stopped immediately and the patient should consult a doctor. In case of suspicion of agranulocytosis, AIFA recommends a complete blood count to confirm the diagnosis, and if confirmed, treatment must not be restarted.
Contraindications and further warnings
Metamizole is contraindicated in patients with a history of agranulocytosis induced by metamizole or other drugs belonging to the same class (pyrazolones or pyrazolidines), in those with impaired bone marrow function or in those suffering from diseases of the hematopoietic system.
Finally, AIFA specifies that:
If metamizole is taken for fever, some symptoms of an emerging agranulocytosis may go unnoticed. Furthermore, symptoms may be masked in patients receiving antibiotic therapy.
