The “blue areas” are regions of the world characterized by a population that tends to live longer and with fewer chronic diseases compared to other areas. The concept was introduced by Dan Buettner, who identified five main areas: the island of Ikaria in Greece, Ogliastra in SardiniaOkinawa in Japan, the Nicoya Peninsula in Costa Rica and the Loma Linda Adventist community in California.
According to Buettner, the inhabitants of these areas share habits and lifestyles that appear to favor longevity. In the blue zones, the power is mostly plant-basedwith few processed foods and meat consumed only occasionally.
The diet is rich in legumes, vegetables, whole grains and nuts, which provide fiber, protein and healthy fats, contributing to cardiovascular health and reducing the risk of chronic diseases. In many of these regions, the moderate consumption of red wine it is part of social and cultural traditions; it is believed that red wine, especially Cannonau from Sardinia, can have benefits thanks to antioxidants that fight aging.
All the positive habits that characterize the blue zones
Another common habit is the so-called “hara hachi bu” from Okinawaor the habit of stop to eat when you are 80% fullwhich helps avoid excess calories and reduces the risk of obesity and other metabolic diseases. Furthermore the prolonged overnight fastingwith the last meal eaten in the late afternoon, is practiced in various blue zones and appears to have longevity benefits.
Daily physical activity is another essential feature. It’s not about intense exercise, but about constant movement integrated into daily activities, such as walking, working outdoors or gardening. These behaviors, associated with living in natural contexts, help keep both body and mind fit.
Also the sleep has an important role. The inhabitants of the blue zones respect their natural rhythms, they sleep the necessary hours and often take short afternoon rests. Getting enough sleep is linked to a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and premature death.
In addition to diet and exercise, the social sphere is fundamental: community support, spirituality, having a purpose in life and intergenerational bonding they help maintain a positive outlook and psychological resilience. These social relationships and practices reduce the risk of depression and isolation, contributing to a longer, healthier existence.
Be careful though because despite the appeal of the concept, some scholars remain skeptical and wonder whether blue zones are a sustainable model or simply the fruit of unique circumstances. To discover the truth, in fact, more in-depth research is needed.
