Let’s not make the mistake of thinking that in Mexico for the commemoration of the deceased, Dia dos Muertos, only one flower is used, namely the orange and yellow Mexican Marigold. For this important commemoration, consistent with the colorful and rich culture of the country, many other beautiful flowers are used. All with the same characteristics:
Flowers are therefore used to leave a trace for the souls of loved ones to allow them to return home. Petals scattered on the ground, altars covered with showy floral compositions must therefore have served as a guide to allow the reunion and give them a precious gift.
Let’s discover together all the flowers used to celebrate the Dia dos Muertos in Mexico. (Dia de los muertos: why in Mexico is the marigold (and not the chrysanthemum) the flower of the dead?)
Cempasuchil (Tagetes erecta) or Mexican marigold
There marigold is the English name for the Tagetes erectaknown in Mexico as Cempasuchil or “Mexican marigold” is one of the most iconic flowers of this celebration. A native plant already appreciated by the Aztecs, who called it “twenty flowers” due to its multiple inflorescences, it has been used for funeral commemorations since ancient times. The intense orange petals and its strong scent are believed to guide the souls of the deceased towards the world of the living. The Cempasuchil, visible everywhere during Día de los Muertos, represents life and death intertwined, giving the celebrations an intense vitality.
Crested celosia
The Celosia crestata, also known as “cockscomb” due to its characteristic shape, is another flower widely used for this occasion. An ornamental plant with bright colors and long-lived flowers, Celosia is often chosen in the red variety, symbolizing the blood of Christ. This flower creates a suggestive contrast with the Cempasuchil on tombs and altars, expressing devotion and sacrifice in a riot of colors and shapes.
Alheli Blanco or Mattiola Incana
For deceased children, there is a special flower: the Alheli Blanco, known as Mattiola Incana. This white flower, pure and simple, represents the beauty and innocence of young departed souls. His presence on the altars dedicated to children is a sweet homage to their purity and the fragility of life. Its delicate scent and light color make it particularly suitable for honoring those who left the world too soon.
Cloud or Gypsophila paniculata
Gypsophila, commonly known as “cloud,” plays a discreet but fundamental role in Día de los Muertos floral arrangements. Used as a filler, this flower symbolizes the support and connection between the various floral elements, like a “cloud” that envelops and harmonizes the entire composition. Cloud is often mixed with larger, more vibrant flowers such as gladioli, adding lightness and delicacy.
Gladioli
The gladiolus is a flower with a long history, used since Roman times to honor victors, with its name meaning “sword.” During Día de los Muertos, it symbolizes strength and loyalty, remembering the importance of preserving the connection with the ancestors. The tall and tapered structure of the gladiolus makes it ideal for giving height and grandeur to altars and tombs.
White Chrysanthemum
The chrysanthemum, a flower native to China and also used in Spanish culture for funeral commemorations, was introduced into Mexico as a symbol of respect for the deceased. With its white petals and serene appearance, the chrysanthemum expresses purity and serenity, a way to honor the dead with dignity. In Mexico, as in other cultures, the chrysanthemum continues to represent a bridge between the living and those who are no longer here, keeping their memory alive.
Carnation
Carnations, in shades of red, pink and white, are a common addition on Mexican altars. They symbolize love and respect, and their vibrant shades represent life and connection with lost loved ones. In Mexican tradition, carnations are particularly used in combination with Cempasuchil, creating contrast and harmony in decorations.
Amaranth
Amaranth, known for its red or purple spikes, is another flower used in Mexico for Día de los Muertos. It symbolizes vitality and eternal energy, and its long duration represents the continuity of life even after death. Amaranth ears can be used to add color and texture to altars, as well as having a symbolic meaning of endurance and eternity.
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